As the most widely provided service industry worldwide, tourism has attracted the attention of a wide variety of managers and researchers. Therefore, it is crucially important to identify the componential elements involved in tourism marketing and offer optimal solutions to facilitate tourist attraction. Considering the fact that previous has merely partially investigated the factors involved in tourism marketing, this study sought to conduct a comprehensive examination of such factors, systematically reviewing the expansive related literature. This study is considered exploratory in terms of purpose and applied in terms of nature, using the meta-synthesis method to analyze the collected data. The study’, s statistical population comprised 580 studies conducted from 2000 to 2020, out of which 87 studies were selected using purposive sampling. The collected data were then gone through content analysis, coded based on open, axial, and selective coding methods, according to which 78 codes, 21 concepts, and six categories were identified and analyzed using the meta-synthesis method. Finally, the validity of the analyzed data was confirmed by Cohen’, s Kappa Coefficient. According to the study’, s results, the main categories identified for tourism marketing were as follows: integrated marketing (incentive promotional mixtures),satisfaction,relationship marketing,internal marketing,electronic marketing,and ICT factors. Therefore, it could be argued that this study offers a deep understanding of the existing literature on tourism marketing.

Objective: Organizations require knowledge management (KM) in order to continue their activities and sustainability in their competitive cycles. One of the problems of organizations and managers is the implementation of KM, considering the factors affecting the implementation of KM plays an important role in the success and development of the organization. Meanwhile, the factors affecting the implementation of KM, determining the importance of each of the factors and providing an appropriate framework for their application in KM implementation process play a fundamental role in advancing the organization's goals. The purpose of this research is to identify and rank the factors affecting the implementation of KM by reviewing the past studies. methodology: meta-synthesis attempts to integrate results from a number of different but inter-related qualitative studies. In order to identify the factors, all dimensions of KM implementation have been identified through meta-synthesis using 335 papers were published in Sciencedirect, SID, Magiran and ElmNet from 2010 to 2018. Then, the importance and priority of each proposed dimension was determined using Shannon quantitative method based on content analysis. Findings: The results of the research in the extension method showed 3 categories (organizational, personal, and environmental), 8 concepts (KM process, organization structure, technology, management, individual, trust, competitive and culture) and 52 codes (knowledge creation (0. 016), knowledge identification (0. 026), knowledge leadership (0. 00), knowledge planning (0. 01), knowledge effectiveness (0. 024), knowledge sharing (0. 039), knowledge evaluation (0. 01), knowledge storage (0. 02), knowledge learning (0. 00), knowledge transparency (0. 00), knowledge implementation (0. 024), knowledge quality (0. 024), KM alignment (0. 02), organization strategy (0. 016), KM strategies (0. 039), employees enrichment (0. 01), organizational enrichment (0. 00), organizational sources (0. 02), financial sources (0. 016), organizational environment (0. 00), the number of employees (0. 016), recruitment (0. 00), organizational size (0. 016), performance evaluation (0. 026), KM system selecting (0. 026), employees training (0. 031), reverse engineering (0. 00), fast upgrade (0. 024), flexability (0. 032), confidence (0. 032), easy implementation (0. 026), technological tools(0. 01), storage capacity (0. 024), information technology infrastructure (0. 035), management support (0. 035), human resource management (0. 039), team working (0. 031), participation (0. 00), motivation (0. 034), justice (0. 00), readiness (0. 00), concentration (0. 00), communication (0. 031), employees trust and managers (0. 031), employees trust (0. 024), competition force (0. 016), benchmarking (0. 016), world services availability (0. 02), best practices (0. 01), knowledge base culture (0. 01), innovation culture (0. 032) and organizational culture (0. 044) in KM implementation. Conclusion: A successful KM program will consider more than just technology. An organization should also consider organization culture, leadership, strategic alignment, managers' support, information technology and motivation were identified as the most important factors for success of KM implementation.

Organizational destructive behaviors impose many direct and indirect costs on organizations, therefore, in the current situation, paying attention to it has gone beyond a choice and has become a necessity. This research was done with the aim of identifying the antecedents of destructive organizational behavior in the Ports and Maritime Organization. The type of research is developmental in terms of purpose. For this purpose, after searching the databases, 671 articles were evaluated in the field of destructive organizational behaviors between 2000 and 2022, and finally 65 articles were selected in a targeted way and entered the analysis stage. Based on the final framework of the research, the antecedents of destructive organizational behaviors were categorized in the form of two main categories and six subcategories. The main categories resulting from the research results are: facilitating antecedents and limiting antecedents of destructive organizational behaviors. Facilitating and limiting antecedents of destructive organizational behaviors each include three categories of behavioral, structural and contextual facilitating and limiting factors. The obtained framework can be used as a tool for strategic planning in the field of destructive organizational behaviors.

Talent management has been on the agenda of many organizations in recent years because of the belief in the importance of talent in achieving organizational excellence. The purpose of this study is to infer the conceptual model of behavioral factors affecting talent management. Therefore, applying the Meta-Synthesizing technique, researchers studied the findings of the articles which exist in valid databases in a systematic manner using Sandolowski and Barso's seven-step method. Then, after multiple screenings, they selected 36 appropriate articles for deeper study. To this end, behavioral factors affecting talent management were extracted and conceptual model analyses and inferences were obtained with the help of coding tools and MAXQDA v. 10 software. It is expected that the results and design of this model by improving the understanding the effective behavioral concepts on potential Human resource drive talent management to the desired status and become an appropriate tool for achieving organizational goals.

As the most widespread service industry in the world, tourism has managed to take center stage among many managers and researchers. Hence, pinpointing the factors of tourism marketing and offering optimal solutions towards facilitation of tourist absorption are of prime significance. Not to mention, since only few factors of tourism marketing have been addressed in previous studies, the present research aimed to identify the tourism marketing factors via metasynthesis. In this exploratory applied research, the entire studies on tourism marketing, conducted over 2000-2020, were taken into consideration. To this end, 580 studies were assessed, of which 87 were finally selected purposefully. Finally, through content analysis and combining the relevant literature using open, pivotal and selective coding methods, 78 codes, 21 concepts and six categories were selected and analyzed, whose validity were supported by Cohen’, s Kappa Coefficient. The results demonstrated that the key categories were as follows: integrated marketing (incentive promotional mixes), satisfaction, relationship marketing, internal marketing, electronic marketing, and ICT factors. Further, a deep understanding of the existing literature on tourism marketing is presented by the present study.